garatt



(N0 Model.)

J. I'. GARATT. Windmill.

ll I Patented Nov. 30,1880.

WITNESSES mwf/ ATTORlIEYS.

Nrrno STATES ATENT FFICE.

JOHN F. GARAT'I, OF SPENCER, NEW YORK.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,975, dated November 30, 1880.

Application inea september 17,1880. (No model.)

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. GARATT, of Spencer, in the county of Tioga and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Windmills, of which the following is a specification.

Figure l is a front elevation ofthe improvenient. Fig. 2 isa sectional side elevation taken through the line a' Fig'. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the hub and its gear-wheel.

The object ot' this invention is to furnish windmills so constructed as to adjust themselves to the force of the wind.

A represents the support for the wind-wheel, which is designed to be constructed in the ordinary manner. To the top of the support A is pivoted a cross-bar or turn-table, B, to which are attached the bearings for the shaft C. Io the forward end of the shaft O is attached the hub D, to which is attached the inner ends of the radial arms or spokes E. To the outer ends of the spokes E is attached a rim, F,the hub D, spokes E, and rim F thus forming the frame or skeleton of the wind-wheel. v

G are the wings, fans, or sails of the windwheel, the inner ends of which are pivoted to the hub D. In the outer part of each of the Wings G is formed a transverse slot, through which the rim F passes.

To each wing G, upon the opposite sides of its slot7 are attached the ends of a pivot, which passes through the rim F, and thus pivots the said wing to the said rim in such a manner that the said wing can turn upon its pivots from a position oblique to the plane of the wheel D E F to a position at right angles with the said wheel, or parallel with the shaft C.

To the inner pivots of the wings G are attached segmental gear-wheels H, the teeth of which mesh into the teeth of the crown gearwheel I, pivoted to the forwardznd of the shaft O or hub D. The` gear-whee EI I may be madein the form of beveled-gear wheels, if desired.

To the outer parts of the gear-wheel I are pivoted the ends of one or more pairs of rods, J, which pass through keepers or guides K, attached to the rim F, and to their outer ends are attached weights L.

The rods J and weights L are drawn inward by spiral or othershaped springs M, the outer ends of which rest against thekeepers orguides K, and their inner ends rest against screwcollars N, or other stops attached to the said rolls J.

With this construction, by turning the gearwheel I the wings G can be turned at an inclination with the plane of the wheel D E F to receive the wind, and at right angles with the plane of the wheel D E F to throw the wings out of the wind, and at any desired point between these two extremes, as the force of the wind may require.

In using the Windmill the gravity of the weights L and the tension of the springs M are so adj usted with respect to each other that the tension of the springs M will hold the rods J and weights L drawn inward and the win gs F in an oblique position when there is no wind and when the wind is blowing with ordinary force; but should the wind increase in force the centrifugal force engendered by the more rapid revolution of the wind-wheel will throw the weights L outward, and thus throw the wings Gr out of the wind. As the force ofthe wind decreases the springs M will overcome the centrifugal force of the weights L and throw the wings G into the Wind, so that the wings will adjust themselves to the force of the wind, and thus keep the wind-wheel re- Volving at a uniform speed, however the force ofthe wind may vary.

The wheel is held to the wind by a vane, O, attached to the rear end of the bar or turntable B.

Power is communicated to the pump or Wheel with Wings or sails and provide it With 2. Inv a. Windmill7 the rods J, pivoted at the mechanism by which its speed ina-y be reguinner end to Wheel I, passing through keepers lated; but 0x1 rim F, and provided With end Weights, L,

What I do claim as new and of my invenas and for the purpose specified. 5 tion is- 1. The combination, with the Wheel D E F, JOHN F. GARATT.

of the Wings G, pivoted zit the inner end to hub D, and connected with the rim F by ai Vitnesses: pivot in a median transverse slot, as and for AMASA GARATT, 1o the purpose set forth. CORINTH O. GARATT. 

